Invisible Chains – Social Stigmas, Stereotypes And Male Victimhood Of Domestic Violence
Dr Mercy Maclean is a Practitioner Chartered Health Psychologist and the author of the book “Destigmatisation of Mental Health to Combat Public and Self-Stigma”, published in 2024.
Dr. Mercy Maclean asserts that the prevailing silence surrounding male victims of domestic violence is emblematic of the entrenched gender stereotypes and social stigmas that pervade our society, perpetuating victim-blaming and disbelief. Dr Maclean posits the compelling question of the specific social stigmas and stereotypes that contribute to the muteness surrounding male victims of domestic violence.
Research spanning decades indicates that the response lies in the inflexible gender stereotypes and social stigmas that depict men as resilient, unyielding, and unemotional. These pervasive stereotypes and social stigmas engender a sense of emasculation in men if they are perceived as feeble or incapable of defending themselves.
The apprehension of being mocked, disbelieved, or stigmatised can be overpowering, driving men to endure their predicament in silence. Moreover, they may be hesitant to report abuse due to a lack of understanding of available support or the dread of not being taken seriously. Dr Maclean prompts contemplation on the expectations imposed on men within our society, as they are often conditioned to exhibit fortitude, stifle their emotions, and eschew vulnerability. This notion of toxic masculinity can evoke feelings of inadequacy in men as providers or protectors and engender a sense of doubt in their masculinity.
The apprehension of emasculation can be formidable, compelling men to endure silently rather than seek assistance. This silence can be exceptionally detrimental for men who may already feel isolated and ashamed. As we venture into the complexities of domestic violence, it becomes increasingly clear that understanding key terms like 'domestic violence' and 'victimhood' through a gender-neutral lens is crucial. These terms are often shrouded in misconceptions and stereotypes, which can lead to a lack of awareness and understanding about the issue.
Defining the term 'domestic violence'
Dr Mercy Maclean suggests asking ourselves a thought-provoking question: What does domestic violence really mean? Is it merely a matter of physical abuse, or does it encompass a broader range of emotional, psychological, and financial manipulation? The answer lies in understanding the multifaceted nature of domestic violence, one that extends beyond physical harm to include a range of coercive and controlling behaviours. The term 'domestic violence' itself is often associated with physical abuse, conjuring images of bruises and broken bones. However, this narrow definition contradicts the complexity of the issue.
Scientific research asserts that domestic violence can take many forms, including emotional manipulation, psychological coercion, and financial control. It can involve subtle tactics like gaslighting, where an abuser manipulates a victim's perception of reality, or more overt forms of control, such as isolating a victim from their friends and family.
Dr Mercy Maclean recommends that to understand the true extent of domestic violence, we must look beyond the physical manifestations of abuse and examine the underlying power dynamics at play. This requires a nuanced understanding of the ways in which abusers exert control over their victims, often using tactics that are designed to erode a victim's sense of self-worth and autonomy. By recognising the multifaceted nature of domestic violence, we can begin to challenge the stereotypes that surround it, acknowledging that abuse can take many forms and affect individuals of all genders.
Defining the term “victimhood”
Dr Mercy Maclean proposes that another critical term in the context of domestic violence is 'victimhood.' Scientific research suggests that this term is often associated with weakness, vulnerability, and powerlessness. However, Dr Mercy Maclean argues victimhood is not a fixed state; rather, it is a complex and multifaceted experience that can affect individuals in different ways. Victims of domestic violence may feel ashamed, guilty, or responsible for the abuse they have suffered, even though they are not to blame. They may struggle to come to terms with their experiences, grappling with feelings of fear, anxiety, and uncertainty.
Understanding victimhood through a gender-neutral lens requires us to challenge the stereotypes that surround it. We must recognise that victims of domestic violence can be of any gender and that their experiences are not defined by their gender identity or sexual orientation. By doing so, we can begin to create a culture that is more supportive and inclusive of all victims, one that acknowledges their strengths and resilience, rather than perpetuating harmful stereotypes about weakness and vulnerability.
Addressing male victimhood through creating an inclusive culture and support for all victims of abuse
Dr Mercy Maclean emphasises the importance of acknowledging and supporting male victims of domestic violence in order to build a fairer, more compassionate, and supportive society. It's crucial to recognise that domestic violence affects individuals regardless of their gender identity or sexual orientation. Dr Mercy Maclean acknowledges that the road ahead is challenging but necessary. By bringing attention to the often overlooked issue of domestic violence against men, we can start to create a society that offers support to all those affected by abuse.
Let's continue this journey together with open hearts and open minds, working towards a world free from harmful gender stereotypes and societal expectations. Dr Mercy Maclean points out that as we explore the complexities of domestic violence, it becomes evident that this is not a matter of men versus women but a matter of humanity. Therefore, let's continue working towards a world where every individual can live without fear of abuse and where every victim of domestic violence can access the support they deserve.
Dr Mercy Maclean, Practitioner Chartered Health Psychologist
Dr Mercy Maclean is a Practitioner Chartered Health Psychologist registered with The Health and Care Professional Council (HCPC), an Associate Fellow of The British Psychological Society (AFBPsS), and a full member of the Division of Health Psychology at The British Psychological Society (BPS). She specialises in behaviour change interventions and mental wellbeing approaches to reduce health inequalities among healthcare professionals and health service users. Her personal investment in mental wellbeing approaches is deeply rooted in her family history. She understands the impact of mental illness and the importance of compassion, empathy, and understanding for those who are struggling.
Dr Mercy Maclean is the author of the highly anticipated book – “Destigmatisation of Mental Health to Combat Public and Self-Stigma” – click here.
